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First prenatal visit: which tests are usually done

NNova editorial team · 4 min read

At the first prenatal visit, your OB-GYN or midwife usually reviews your health history and orders baseline tests, such as blood type, blood count, urine tests and infection screening. The exact tests depend on your history and your provider's guidance.

What the first visit usually includes

The first prenatal visit usually includes a review of your health history, a physical exam and a set of blood and urine tests. It is also a good time to confirm your due date and ask questions about your care.

Tests commonly ordered

  • Complete blood count (CBC), to check for anemia
  • Blood type, Rh factor and antibody screen, to check for Rh incompatibility
  • Urinalysis, and sometimes a urine culture
  • Infection screening for HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and hepatitis C
  • Rubella and varicella (chickenpox) immunity, if you do not know your status
  • Chlamydia and gonorrhea screening for people under 25 or those with higher risk

Tests based on your history

Some tests depend on your age, health history, family history or past pregnancies. Your provider may talk with you about options such as carrier screening for genetic conditions, or cell-free DNA screening (NIPT), which can be done starting around 10 weeks. An early glucose screen may be considered if you have risk factors for gestational diabetes. Thyroid (TSH) testing and ferritin, which measures iron stores, are not routine for everyone. Your provider may order them if you have symptoms, a thyroid history or suspected anemia.

You can ask what each test checks, what the results could mean and whether it fits your situation. You are free to decline any test.

Get medical care right away if you have severe pain, vaginal bleeding, fainting, dizziness, fever or a sudden change in how you feel. These can be signs of a serious problem, such as an ectopic pregnancy or miscarriage.

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General information only; it does not replace advice from your doctor or midwife.