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Genetic Testing: Who May Benefit from NIPT Starting at Week 10

NNova editorial team · 6 min read

NIPT analyzes fragments of fetal DNA in the pregnant person's blood to estimate the risk of certain chromosomal conditions. It is a screening test, so a positive result is usually confirmed with a diagnostic test.

What NIPT is

NIPT, or noninvasive prenatal testing, looks at fetal DNA circulating in the pregnant person's blood. It can be done starting at 10 weeks, but it estimates risk rather than making a diagnosis. It is a screening test, not a final answer.

Who it may benefit

Major US groups, including the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), say NIPT can be offered to all pregnancies, including those at average risk. Many people find it especially useful in these situations:

  • People who want a more accurate screen for common chromosomal conditions than some other screening tests.
  • Pregnancies with higher risk based on age, ultrasound findings, or family history.
  • After an unclear or concerning result from another screening test.
  • When early information would help with planning and decisions about next steps.

NIPT does not detect all genetic conditions and does not replace ultrasound. If the result is positive, your provider may talk with you about confirmatory testing, such as amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling (CVS).

False-positive and false-negative results are possible. Interpreting results is more reliable when it is done with your doctor or a genetic counselor. Ask your provider whether NIPT is right for you and what your results would mean.

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General information only; it does not replace advice from your doctor or midwife.